Contribution of the Institute of Mining of the Ural branch of RAS to development of modern technologies for the diamond industry

DOI: https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-1S-26-33

A.V. Glebov¹, I.V. Zyryanov² ¹ Institute of Mining of Ural Branch of RAS, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation ² Yakutniproalmaz Institute, Mirny, Russian Federation Russian Mining Industry №1S / 2022 р. 26-33

Abstract: The paper presents an analysis of the research work carried out by the Institute of Mining of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences over the past decades by request of AK ALROSA. Their scientific novelty and practical significance are noted. Many works are based on the results of fundamental and applied research, which made it possible to implement them reasonably and with great efficiency at the existing operations. It is acknowledged that the Mining Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences is one of the priority scientific partners of the Yakutniproalmaz Institute. Over the many years of cooperation, a team of researchers from the Mining Institute of UB of RAS has studied the mining, geological and climatic conditions of mining operations in the permafrost zone. Innovative techniques and technologies for mining kimberlite ores in confined conditions of deep open pits as well as methods to assess and select the type of transport and dump truck models have been developed for the open pits and underground mines of AK ALROSA. Recommendations are provided on the safe operation of open-pit transport, including the one with robotic control. Studies have been carried out which were used as the basis to develop technological regulations for projects of reaching and developing reserves of the Udachnaya Tube. A calculation method was proposed and standards were developed for drilling and blasting operations in open pits of diamond mining enterprises of the Russian Federation located in the permafrost zone. The correlation of rock categories aaccording to blastability grade and the specific consumption of explosives, which we recommended, allows to establish rational limits for changing the parameters of drilling and blasting operations within the permafrost zone. Based on field studies, numerical values of the stress-and-strain state of the rock mass were defined during the construction of underground workings. The geomechanical conditions of underground mining of the Udachnaya Tube diamond deposit were justified for the conditions of transition from the open-pit mining operations to the underground ones, considering the stress-and-strain state and geodynamic activity of various sections of the rock massif. Several sections have been developed for the national standard of the Russian Federation “Mining of diamond ore deposits with open-cast method in the permafrost zone”.

Keywords: open cast and underground mining operations, technological transport, road train, tracked dump truck, increased longitudinal slopes of roads, sink zone, safety pillow, underground reserves, drilling and blasting operations within the permafrost zone

For citation: Glebov A.V., Zyryanov I.V. Contribution of the Institute of Mining of the Ural branch of RAS to development of modern technologies for the diamond industry. Gornaya promyshlennost = Russian Mining Industry. 2022;(1 Suppl.):26–33. DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-1S-26-33.

Article info

Received: 01.11.2021

Revised: 19.11.2021

Accepted: 23.11.2021

Information about the author

Andrey V. Glebov – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Deputy Director, Institute of Mining of Ural Branch of RAS, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Igor V. Zyryanov – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Deputy Director, Yakutniproalmaz Institute, Mirny, Russian Federation; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

References

1. Glebov A.V. Methodology to assess the level of consumer properties and competitiveness of geoequipment (using the example of openpit dump trucks). Mining Equipment and Electromechanics. 2008;(5):49–55. (In Russ.)

2. The level of consumer properties and competitiveness of dump trucks in conditions of the Komsomolsky open pit of the Aikhal Mining and Processing Complex. Mining Equipment and Electromechanics. 2008;(6):40–45. (In Russ.)

3. Akishev A.N., Babaskin S.L., Kozhemyakin A.A., Nikitin R.V. Advancement in the technology of driving and shaping of steep transport ramps in open pit mine. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2013;(12):58–64. (In Russ.)

4. Glebov A.V., Lel Yu.I., Glebov I.A. Prospective in-pit transport in surface mining operations. Mining Equipment and Electromechanics. 2014;(5):18–22. (In Russ.)

5. Glebov A.V. Selection of gathering autotransport for the systems of cyclical-and-continious technology. Mining of Mineral Deposits. 2017;11(4):11–18. (In Russ.) http://doi.org/10.15407/mining11.04.011

6. Bersenev V.A., Glebov A.V., Karmaev G.D. A method to construct a steep trench. Patent 2376471 МПК E21C41/26 (2006.01) (RU). No. 2008117529/03. (In Russ.)

7. Zyryanov I.V., Tsymbalova A.I. Tests of CAT-740B on steeply inclined ramps in ALROSA's Udachny open pit mine. Mining Equipment and Electromechanics. 2013;(9):22–25. (In Russ.)

8. Belyaev V.V., Glebov A.V., Lobanov S.V., Tarasov P.I., Shumakov I.K. Tracked open-pit hauler. A useful model patent RUS 64993 28.12.2005. (In Russ.)

9. Tarasov P.I., Glebov A.V., Furin V.O., Voroshilov A.G., Lobanov S.V., Nevolin V.M. Design schemes for tracked dump trucks for operation in open pits with high roadway gradients. Gornaya promyshlennost = Russian Mining Industry. 2008;(2):63–68. Available at: https://mining-media.ru/ru/article/ogr/805-konstruktivnye-skhemy-gusenichnykh-samosvalov-dlya-raboty-v-karerakh-s-povyshennymi-uklonami-vyrabotok

10. Sokolov I.V., Smirnov A.A., Antipin Yu.G., Kulminsky A.S. Development of under-quarry pit reserves of “Udachnaya” tubes in hard climate, mining and hydrogeological conditions. Gornyi Zhurnal. 2011;(1);63–66. (In Russ.) Available at: https://www.rudmet.ru/journal/456/article/4104/

11. Sokolov I.V., Smirnov A.A., Antipin Yu.G., Nikitin I.V., Baranovskii K.V. Stripping and combined mining technology of near wall and pit reserves of the Udachnaya Pipe. In: Chaadaev A.S., Zyryanov I.V., Bondarenko I.F. (eds) Problems and ways of efficient diamond deposits mining: Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference, Mirnyi, April 11–15, 2011. Novosibirsk: Nauka; 2011, pp. 148–153. (In Russ.)

12. Sokolov I.V., Smirnov A.A., Antipin Y.G., Baranovsky K.V. Rational design of ore discharge bottom in transition from open pit to underground mining in udachny mine. Journal of Mining Science. 2013;49(1):90–98. http://doi.org/10.1134/S1062739149010115

13. Sokolov I.V., Smirnov A.A., Antipin Y.G., Nikitin I.V., Tishkov M.V. Substantiation of protective cushion thickness in mining under open pit bottom with the caving methods at Udachnaya pipe. Journal of Mining Science. 2018;54(2):226–236. http://doi.org/10.1134/S1062739118023582

14. Zharikov S.N., Shemenev V.G., Zyryanov I.V., Bondarenko I.F., Khon V.I. Elaboration of design regulations for drilling and blasting at diamond open pits located in the permafrost zone. Ratsionalnoe osvoenie nedr = Mineral Mining & Conservation. 2017;(1):56–60. (In Russ.)

15. Zharikov S., Kutuev V. About order of comprehensive solving the seismic and pre-splitting issues for drill-and-blasting open-pits. In: Kocharyan G., Lyakhov A. (eds) Trigger Effects in Geosystems. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer; 2019, pp. 437–445. http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31970-0_46

16. Zharikov S.N., Kutuev V.A. Construction of a nomogram for determining the parameters of dbwin the pit’s contour zone. Izvestija Tulskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Nauki o Zemle = News of the Tula State University. Sciences of Earth. 2020;(3):161–171. (In Russ.) http://doi.org/10.25635/r0915-0037-0746-z

17. Zharikov S., Kutuev V. Building a Nomogram to Determine Drilling & Blasting Parameters in the Marginal Quarry Zone. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2021;1079(5):062081. http://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1079/6/062081

18. Zharikov S.N., Shemenev V.G., Kutuev V.A. On the peculiarities of production drilling and blasting operations in the north. Problemy nedropolzovaniya. 2017;(3):30–36. (In Russ.) http://doi.org/10.18454/2313-1586.2017.03.030

19. Zharikov S.N., Kornilkov S.V., Zyryanov I.V., Bondarenko I.F., Khon V.I. The choice of methodical approaches to the determination of the explosives specific consumption for diamond mining open pits located in the cryolithozone. Ratsionalnoe osvoenie nedr = Mineral Mining & Conservation. 2017;(1):48–54. (In Russ.)

20. Zharikov S.N. The questions of drilling and blasting in northern areas. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2016;(S21):61–74. (In Russ.)

21. Zharikov I.F. The effectiveness of the explosive training rock mass to excavation. Vzryvnoe delo = Explosion technology. 2016;(11572):45–61. (In Russ.)

22. Bondarenko I.F., Zharikov S.N., Zyryanov I.V., Shemenev V.G. Blasting operations at kimberlite open pits in Yakutia. Ekaterinburg: Institute of Mining of Ural Branch of RAS; 2017. 172 p. (In Russ.)

23. Zyryanov I.V., Bondarenko I.F., Zharikov S.N. Definition of parameters for the drill and blast operations at kimberlite pits within the permafrost zone. Yakutsk: North-Eastern Federal University; 2019. 96 p. (In Russ.)

24. Balek A., Sashourin A. In-situ rock mass stress-state measurements in scales of mineral deposits: problem-solving. E3S Web of Conferences. 2018;56:02004. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185602004

25. Sashurin A.D., Balek A.E. Improvement of field measurement of stress-deformed state of the large massif parts. Perm Journal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering. 2014;13(11):105–120. (In Russ.)

26. Balek A.E., Efremov E.Iu. The substantiation of geomechanical conditions of “udachnaya pipe” diamond deposit underground mining. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal = News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal. 2017;(5):39–45. (In Russ.)

27. Sashurin A.D., Balek A E., Markov V.S. Explanation of the geomechanical control methodology, during the combined development of «Udachnaya» kimberlite pipe. Gornyi Zhurnal. 2012;(12):15–19. (In Russ.) Available at: https://www.rudmet.ru/journal/987/article/15586/

28. Yakovlev V.L., Sakantsev G.G., Zyryanov I.V., Akishev A.N. Determination of open pit diamond mine limits with regard to stripping time difference. Journal of Mining Science. 2016;52(6):1143–1149. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062739116061674

29. Sakantsev G.G., Yakovlev A.V., Zyryanova T.M. A method to construct a steep trench. Patent 2534297, МПК Е21С 41/26 (2006.01). No. 2013116307/03 от 09.04.2013. (In Russ.)

30. Sakantsev G.G., Sakantsev M.G., Yakovlev A.V., Perekhod T.M., Busargina E.S. In-wall dumping station for deep areal open pits. Patent. No. 2015103237 от 02.02.2015. (In Russ.)