Autonomous deep-water gas dynamic sampler for sampling loose sediments and massive formations
Yu.V. Kirichenko1, Ngo Tran Thien Quy1, 2
1 National University of Science & Technology (MISIS), Moscow, Russian Federation
2 Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
Russian Mining Industry №3 / 2022 р. 106-111
Abstract: The article reviews general challenges of exploration in the South China Sea related to prospecting and sampling of solid mineral deposits. The importance of sampling as the only scientifically sound method of identifying and defining properties of minerals is emphasized. Information is provided on the equipment and methods used in Vietnam for sampling bottom sediments in the South China Sea. An autonomous gas-dynamic boomerang sampler designed by the authors is presented. The sampler is designed to close the clamshell buckets with subsequent surfacing of the unit using the energy of expanding gases. The sampler consists of clamshell buckets, an operating cylinder with a piston and a lifting cylinder mounted on a rigid frame. The sampler can be used for sampling solid grounds with the drillability grade above III, and it significantly reduces the sampling time, while increasing the reliability of the survey.
Keywords: South China Sea, bottom deposits, solid minerals, sampling, geological prospecting, sampler, bottom grab, autonomous boomerang sampler, gas dynamics, energy of compressed gases, chemical reaction, cutting force, lifting force, exploration vessel, classification of rocks by drillability
For citation: Kirichenko Yu.V., Ngo Tran Thien Quy. Autonomous deep-water gas dynamic sampler for sampling loose sediments and massive formations. Russian Mining Industry. 2022;(3):106–111. https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-106-111
Article info
Received: 21.04.2022
Revised: 12.05.2022
Accepted: 16.05.2022
Information about the authors
Yury V. Kirichenko – Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Department of Geology and Mine Surveying, National University of Science & Technology (MISIS), Moscow, Russian Federation
Ngo Tran Thien Quy – Graduate Student, Department of Geology and Mine Surveying, National University of Science & Technology (MISIS), Moscow, Russian Federation; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
References
1. Kirichenko Yu.V., Ngo Tran Thien Quy. Prospects for development of Vietnam underwater springs. Russian Mining Industry. 2021;(4):140– 144. (In Russ.) https:// doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2021-4-140-144
2. Ngo Tran Thien Quy, Kirichenko Yu.V., Shchyokina M.V. Promising and provable solid mineral resources in the shelf and abyssal deposits in Vietnam. Mining Informational and Analytical Bulletin. 2021;(9):103–112. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25018/0236_1493_2021_9_0_103
3. Kirichenko Yu.V., Ngo Tran Thien Quy, Pham Ba Trung, Nguyen Thi Tham, Doan Thi Thuy. Geological Characteristics, Potential and Genesis of Iron-Manganese Ore Formation at the Bottom of the Southwestern Part of the South China Sea. Part 1. Geological Characteristics of Subsea Deposits, Exploration Methods and Techniques. Russian Mining Industry. 2022;(1):104–109. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-1-104-109
4. Kirichenko Yu.V., Ngo Tran Thien Quy, Pham Ba Trung, Nguyen Thi Tham, Doan Thi Thuy. Geological Characteristics, Potential and Genesis of Iron-Manganese Ore Formation at the Bottom of the Southwestern Part of the South China Sea. Part 2. Results of studying ore samples from the bottom of the South China Sea. Russian Mining Industry. 2022;(2):67–75. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-67-75
5. Sharma R. (ed.). Deep Sea Mining. Springer; 2017. 535 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52557-0
6. Yong Bai, Qiang Bai. Subsea engineering handbook. 2nd ed. Elsevier; 2019. 956 p.
7. Kazhdan A.B. Search and exploration of mineral deposits. Scientific foundations of search and exploration. Moscow: Nedra; 1984. 285 p. (In Russ.)
8. Kirichenko Yu.V., Kashirskiy A.S., Adigamov A.E., Ivashchenko G.S. Applicability of bottom trawl to large-scale sampling of deep-sea ferro-manganese nodules. Mining Informational and Analytical Bulletin. 2017;(5):41–53. (In Russ.) Available at: https://giab-online.ru/files/Data/2017/5/41_53_5_2017.pdf?ysclid=l362jecfh0
9. Kirichenko Yu.V., Kashirsky A.S. Cassette-type dredging equipment for excavation of iron–manganese concretions from ocean floor. Gornyi Zhurnal. 2015;(12):56–61. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17580/gzh.2015.12.13
10. Mirchik I.N., Blumov I.F. (eds). Technology and technical tools for studying the ferromanganese formations of the World Ocean. Moscow: Okeangeoresursy; 1999. (In Russ.)
11. Kozlov M.Yu., Lukonina O.A., Nasonov D.A. Technical tools for the development of deep-sea deposits on the bottom of the World Oce. In: Lisov V.I., Kos'yanov V.A., Bryukhovetsky O.S. (eds). New Ideas In Earth Sciences: 12th International Scientific-Practical Conference, Moscow, 8–10 апреля 2015 г. Moscow: MGRI-RGGRU; 2015. Vol. 2, pp. 18–19. (In Russ.)
12. Kislyakov V.E., Malikova K.V., Katyshev P.V. Autonomous device for lifting minerals from the bottom of the water area. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2539508, 21.11.2013. 2015, Bull. No. 2.
13. Kislyakov V.E., Katyshev P.V., Shkaruba N.A., Elizariev V.S., Bashkatova Y.R. Autonomous underwater vehicles for mineral mining on continental shelf. Mining Informational and Analytical Bulletin. 2021;(3-1):318–329. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25018/0236_1493_2021_31_0_318
14. Kashirsky A.S., Kuzin E.A., Kirichenko Yu.V., Adigamov A.E., Galiakbarova R.M. Estimating the parameters of the applicability of a cassette sweeping gear for deep-water sampling of ferromanganese nodule deposits. Russian Mining Industry. 2017;(5):92–95. (In Russ.) Available at: https://mining-media.ru/ru/article/newtech/13016-opredelenie-parametrov-primenimosti-kassetnogo-tralapri-glubokovodnom-oprobovanii-mestorozhdenij-zhelezomargantsevykh-konkretsij
15. Ivanov V.L., Kaminskii V.D. (eds). 15. 60 years in the Arctic, Antarctic and the World Ocean. Collection of scientific papers. St. Petersburg: VNIIOkeangeologiya; 2008. 650 p. (In Russ.)
16. Hashiba K., Fukui K., Miyazaki K., Watanabe K. Mechanical and cutting characteristics of cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. 2020;53(6):2929–2934. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-020-02071-w
17. He S., Peng Y., Jin Y., Wan B., Liu G. Review and analysis of key techniques in marine sediment sampling. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 2020;33:66. https://doi.org/10.1186/s10033-020-00480-0
18. Montagna P.A., Baguley J.G., Hsiang C.-Y., Reuscher M.G. Comparison of sampling methods for deep-sea infauna. Limnology and oceanography: Methods. 2017;15(2):166–183. https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10150
