Bootstrap method for monitoring the safety of traffic control systems of highly automated mining machines
R.N. Safiullin1, Yu.N. Katsuba1, A.A. Ungefuk1, E.L. Khisamutdinova2, A.V. Khokhlov1
1 Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University,
2 Saint Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Russian Mining Industry №1S / 2025 p. 73-80
Abstract: The paper proposes an integrated approach of monitoring the safety of control systems of highly automated mining machines, including the structural model for the formation of this approach, which was used as a basis for specifying the vehicle safety criteria. A modern method of statistical analysis, i.e. the bootstrap method, was applied to analyze limited and nonrepresentative data samples on monitoring the safety of technical control systems of mining machines. The bootstrap method allows to efficiently work with limited and non-representative samples, which is especially relevant in the conditions of complex operational scenarios. Integration of this approach into monitoring and data analysis processes can significantly improve risk prediction, timely fault detection, and making management decisions when using highly automated mining machines. An algorithm for monitoring the safety of traffic control systems of highly automated mining machines is proposed based on the bootstrap method. This algorithm makes it possible to study the statistics of probability distributions for the control system parameters of highly automated mining machines based on multiple sample generation.
Keywords: bootstrap method, highly automated mining machines, traffic safety, safety monitoring, fitting criterion, automated control systems
For citation: Safiullin R.N., Katsuba Yu.N., Ungefuk A.A., Khisamutdinova E.L., Khokhlov A.V. Bootstrap method for monitoring the safety of traffic control systems of highly automated mining machines. Russian Mining Industry. 2025;(1):73–80. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2025-1-73-80
Article info
Received: 26.12.2024
Revised: 04.02.2025
Accepted: 06.02.2025
Information about the authors
Ravill N. Safiullin – Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Transport and Technological Processes and Machines, Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8765-6461; e-mail: safravi@mail.ru
Yurii N. Katsuba – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor of the Department of Transport and Technological Processes and Machines, Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2698-491X; e-mail: katsuba60@mail.ru
Aleksandr A. Ungefuk – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor of the Department of Transport and Technological Processes and Machines, Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1473-9095; e-mail: ungefuk_alex@mail.ru
Elmira L. Khisamutdinova – Chief of Educational Practice, College of Technology, Modelling and Management, Saint Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation; e-mail: elmirada79@yandex.ru
Aleksey V. Khokhlov – Postgraduate Student of the Department of Transport and Technological Processes and Machines, Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation; e-mail: lehasport98@mail.ru
Authors’ contribution
R.N. Safiullin – development of the research methodology.
Yu.N. Katsuba – development of the algorithm.
A.A. Ungefuk – application of statistical methods for data analysis.
E.L. Khisamutdinova – interpretation of the research results.
A.V. Khokhlov – development of a generalized model.
References
1. Barjoee S.S., Rodionov V.A. Respirable dust in ceramic industries (Iran) and its health risk assessment using deterministic and probabilistic approaches. Pollution. 2024;10(4):1206–1226. https://doi.org/10.22059/poll.2024.376043.2360
2. Гендлер С.Г., Братских А.С. Актуальные проблемы возгорания угольных скоплений в породных отвалах. Горная промышленность. 2024;(5S):71–77. https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2024-5S-71-77 Gendler S.G., Bratskih A.S. Actual problems of coal accumulations ignition in rock dumps. Russian Mining Industry. 2024;(5S):71–77. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2024-5S-71-77
3. Жуковский Ю.Л., Сусликов П.К. Оценка потенциального эффекта применения технологии управления спросом на горных предприятиях. Устойчивое развитие горных территорий. 2024;16(3):895–908. https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2024-16-3-895-908 Zhukovsky Yu.L., Suslikov P.K. Assessment of the potential effect of applying demand management technology at mining enterprises. Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories. 2024;16(3):895–908. https://doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2024-16-3-895-908
4. Салимов А.Э., Шибанов Д.А., Иванов С.Л. Риски отказов карьерного экскаватора, связанные с его техническим обслуживанием и ремонтом. Горная промышленность. 2024;(2):97–102. https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2024-2-97-102 Salimov A.E., Shibanov D.A., Ivanov S.L. Failure risks of mine excavator associated with its maintenance and repair. Russian Mining Industry. 2024;(2):97–102. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2024-2-97-102
5. Хамидов О.У., Шибанов Д.А., Шишкин П.В., Колпаков В.О. Эффективность применения экскаваторов на карьерах Узбекистана. Горная промышленность. 2024;(5):135–142. https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2024-5-135-142 Khamidov O.U., Shibanov D.A., Shishkin P.V., Kolpakov V.O. Efficiency of excavators application in open pit mines of Uzbekistan. Russian Mining Industry. 2024;(5):135–142. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2024-5-135-142
6. Safiullin R., Arias Z.P. Comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of passenger transportation processes using intelligent technologies. The Open Transportation Journal. 2024;18:e26671212320514. https://doi.org/10.2174/0126671212320514240611100437
7. Safiullin R., Efremova V., Ivanov B. The method of multi-criteria evaluation of the effectiveness of the integrated control system of a highly automated vehicle. The Open Transportation Journal. 2024;18:e18744478309909. https://doi.org/10.2174/0118744478309909240807051315
8. Литвинова Т.Е., Герасёв С.А. Поведение фосфата церия (III) в карбонатно-щелочной среде. Записки Горного института. 2024:1–8. Режим доступа: https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16416 (дата обращения: 15.11.2024). Litvinova T.E., Gerasev S.A. Behaviour of cerium (III) phosphate in a carbonate-alkaline medium. Journal of Mining Institute. 2024:1–8. Available at: https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16416 (accessed: 15.11.2024).
9. Пашкевич Н.В., Хлопонина В.С., Поздняков Н.А., Аверичева А.А. Анализ проблем воспроизводства минерально-сырьевой базы дефицитных стратегических полезных ископаемых. Записки Горного института. 2024;270:1004–1023. Режим доступа: https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16430 (дата обращения: 15.11.2024). Pashkevich N.V., Khloponina V.S., Pozdnyakov N.A., Avericheva A.A. Analysing the problems of reproducing the mineral resource base of scarce strategic minerals. Journal of Mining Institute. 2024;270:1004–1023. Available at: https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16430 (accessed: 15.11.2024).
10. Назарычев А.Н., Дяченок Г.В., Сычев Ю.А. Исследование надежности тягового электропривода карьерных самосвалов на основе анализа отказов его функциональных узлов. Записки Горного института. 2023;261:363–373. Режим доступа: https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16189 (дата обращения: 15.11.2024). Nazarychev A.N., Dyachenok G.V., Sychev Y.A. A reliability study of the traction drive system in haul trucks based on failure analysis of their functional parts. Journal of Mining Institute. 2023;261:363–373. Available at: https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16189 (accessed: 15.11.2024).
11. Петраков Д.Г., Пеньков Г.М., Золотухин А.Б. Экспериментальное исследование влияния горного давления на проницаемость песчаника. Записки Горного института. 2022;254:244–251. https://doi.org/10.31897/PMI.2022.24 Petrakov D.G., Penkov G.M., Zolotukhin A.B. Experimental study on the effect of rock pressure on sandstone permeability. Journal of Mining Institute. 2022;254:244–251. https://doi.org/10.31897/PMI.2022.24
12. Литвиненко В.С., Петров Е.И., Василевская Д.В., Яковенко А.В., Наумов И.А., Ратников М.А. Оценка роли государства в управлении минеральными ресурсами. Записки Горного института. 2023;259:95–111. https://doi.org/10.31897/PMI.2022.100 Litvinenko V.S., Petrov E.I., Vasilevskaya D.V., Yakovenko A.V., Naumov I.A., Ratnikov M.A. Assessment of the role of the state in the management of mineral resources. Journal of Mining Institute. 2023;259:95–111. https://doi.org/10.31897/PMI.2022.100
13. Tengilimoglu O., Carsten O., Wadud Z. The effects of infrastructure quality on the usefulness of automated vehicles: A case study for Leeds, UK. Journal of Transport Geography. 2024;121:104042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2024.104042
14. Kim S.B., Kim H.-M. Series form of the characteristic functions of scale mixtures of multivariate skew-normal distributions. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation. 2022;198:172–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matcom.2022.02.033
15. Ley C. When the score function is the identity function – A tale of characterizations of the normal distribution. Econometrics and Statistics. 2023;26:153–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecosta.2020.10.001
16. Safiullin R.N., Reznichenko V.V., Safiullin R.R. The software adaptive system for managing the heavy cargo transportation process based on the automated vehicle weight and size control system. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2021;1753:012063. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1753/1/012063
17. Nasiri P., Kheirazar R., Rasouli A., Shadrokh A. Hazard rate estimation when the measurement error has a normal or logistic distribution. Heliyon 2024;10(6):e27730. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27730
18. Safiullin R., Epishkin A., Safiullin R., Haotian T. Method of forming an integrated automated control system for intelligent objects. In: Ceur workshop proceedings: Proceedings of the 2nd International Scientific and Practical Conference “Information Technologies and Intelligent Decision Making Systems” (ITIDMS-II-2021). Aachen, Germany; 2021, pp. 17–26.
19. Chakraborty R., Javed S.A., Das S., Kutela B., Khan M.N. Impact of level 2 automation on driver behavior: A study using association rules mining. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour. 2024;107:937–950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2024.10.016
20. Moscovich A. Fast calculation of p-values for one-sided Kolmogorov-Smirnov type statistics. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis. 2023;185:107769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2023.107769
