Application of a small-aperture seismic aerial in monitoring continuous man-made vibrations in heterogeneous loose soils
M.S. Ikrennikov1,2, S.I. Nefedov1,2
1 Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
2 HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Russian Mining Industry №4/ 2026 p. 171-177
Abstract: This paper addresses the problem of monitoring continuous man-made vibrations from mining operations in heterogeneous loose soils. It is shown that the conventional risk assessment method based on peak particle velocity (PPV) does not account for fatigue effects and resonance arising from long-term low-frequency exposure. The need for spatial source selection is justified due to the complex waveguide propagation of the surface waves in the upper part of the cross-section. It is proposed to use of a small-aperture seismic aerial (SAS) with a radius of 3 m, placed immediately at the protected facility. Based on numerical simulations with a real blast record and random variations in the medium parameters (velocity 100–300 m/s, attenuation 0.3–0.6 dB/(km·Hz)), an algorithm was developed to classify sources by their range (Q parameter) and determine their azimuth using the amplitude method for the near sources (5–50 m) and the phase method (broadband beamforming) for the distant sources (500–2000 m). It is shown that the Q parameter does not overlap between the two classes; the average azimuth determination error is 2.6° (near) and 1.9° (distant). This method is suitable for continuous automatic monitoring.
Keywords: small-aperture seismic aerial, man-made vibration, continuous vibration exposure, surface waves, loose soils, beamforming
For citation: Ikrennikov M.S., Nefedov S.I. Application of a small-aperture seismic aerial in monitoring continuous man-made vibrations in heterogeneous loose soils. Russian Mining Industry. 2026;(4):171–177. https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2026-4-171-177
Information about the article
Received: 06.03.2026
Received after peer review: 12.05.2026
Accepted for publication: 01.06.2026
Information about the authors
Maxim S. Ikrennikov – Junior Researcher, Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation; Postgraduate Student, HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7734-7868; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Sergey I. Nefedov – Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Head of Laboratory, Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation; Professor, HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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