The typology of rubies and their industrial significance
Barnov N.G.1, Shchiptsov V.V.2,3
1 Mining Institute, National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, Russian Federation
2 Institute of Geology, Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation
3 Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation
Russian Mining Industry №6 / 2021 р. 127-132
Abstract: Information on the International Genetic Classification of Noble Corundum is given. The scheme of location of the main deposits and occurrences of ruby-bearing complexes of the world is attached: 1 – magmatic; 2 – metamorphogenic; 3 – sedimentary (residual ancient crusts of chemical weathering, alluvial and dealluvial-alluvial placers). The location of ruby objects is shown, including the largest areas of depleted, currently operating and promising for the near future ruby deposits in 36 countries around the world. The main typological features of rubies are described. It is emphasized that all properties of rubies are determined by their primary indigenous origin. The typology of rubies is based on the principles of the relationship between magmatism and metamorphism in the formation of the groups under consideration. Hydroblasting and selective crushing methods for mining of corundum-bearing complexes are characterised. The trend towards increased research into the commercial exploitation of the primary sources of ruby-bearing complexes is highlighted. In countries with highly developed mining industries, underground mining is the main way to extract gemstones.
Keywords: ruby, ruby-bearing complex, genetic series, typology, hydraulic blasting methods, selective crushing
Acknowledgments: This work was financially supported through Research Topic NIR 210 IG KarNTs RAN 121040600173-1.
For citation: Barnov N.G., Shchiptsov V.V. The typology of rubies and their industrial significance Gornaya promyshlennost = Russian Mining Industry. 2021;(6):127–132. DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2021-6-127-132.
Article info
Received: 08.11.2021
Revised: 29.11.2021
Accepted: 29.11.2021
Information about the authors
Nikolay G. Barnov – Cand. Sci. (Geol. Mineral.), Associate Professor, Department of Physical Processes of Mining Operations and Geo-control, Mining Institute, National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, Russian Federation, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Vladimir V. Shchiptsov – Dr. Sci. (Geol. Mineral.), Professor, Chief Research Associate, Head of Mineral Resources Department, Institute of Geology, Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation; Senior Researcher, Department of Earth Sciences and Geotechnologies, Institute of Forestry, Mining and Construction Sciences, Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation
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